Skip to main content
eScholarship
Open Access Publications from the University of California

International Environmental Agreements: Emissions trade, safety valves and escape clauses

Abstract

We explain how the structure of multi-national or multi-regional environmental agreements affect their chance of success. Trade in emissions permits has ambiguous and in some cases surprising effects on both the equilibrium level of abatement, and on the ability to persuade nations or regions to participate in environmental agreements. An escape clause policy and a safety valve policy have essentially the same properties when membership in environmental agreement is pre-determined, but they create markedly different effects on the incentives to join such an agreement. The two policies lead to a qualitative difference in the leverage that a potential member of the agreement exercises on other members.

Main Content
For improved accessibility of PDF content, download the file to your device.
Current View