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How Altruism Can Prevail in an Evolutionary Environment
Ted Bergstrom, University of California, Santa Barbara
Oded Stark, University of Oslo
Published in the American Economic Review, May 1993
ABSTRACT: This paper considers a series of examples in which evolution supports cooperative behavior in single-shot prisoners'
dilemma. Examples include genetic inheritance for asexual siblings and for sexual diploid siblings. We also study two
models of ``cultural inheritance''; one in which siblings copy either their parents or an extrafamilial role model and one in
which neighbors arrayed along a circular road copy successful neighbors. Finally, we consider a model in which parents
choose their behavior, realizing that it may be imitated by their children. A unifying principle of these models is that
cooperative behavior more is likely to be sustained in environments where relatively successful organisms are copied
relatively often and where organisms that have the same role model are more likely to interact with each other than with
a randomly selected member of the population.
SUGGESTED CITATION: Ted Bergstrom and Oded Stark,
"How Altruism Can Prevail in an Evolutionary Environment"
(May 1, 1993).
Department of Economics, UCSB.
Ted Bergstrom.
Paper 1993B.
http://repositories.cdlib.org/ucsbecon/bergstrom/1993B
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