http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 https://escholarship.org/uc/ucsd/rss Recent eScholarship items from UC San Diego Tue, 20 Oct 2026 09:35:57 +0000 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w4476g6 The sensors required to mimic clinical metrics of anything from pupil change to blood pressure to functional strength are already present in the smartphones that billions of people carry in their pockets. The barrier to using them for clinical measurement is not hardware, it is software. This dissertation presents research developing and validating smartphone-based sensing systems across three clinical domains: neurological assessment, cardiovascular monitoring, and musculoskeletal assessment, with two paired goals: expanding access to established clinical measurements and facilitating the discovery of novel digital biomarkers. In neurological assessment, two smartphone pupillometry systems are presented, one repurposing the near-infrared facial recognition camera for absolute pupil diameter measurement (median MAE 0.27 mm against a clinical pupillometer) and one using far-red optical filtering for universal RGB camera compatibility (mean Pearson correlation 0.93, MAE 2.4%), with... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w4476g6 Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Barry, Colin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8g61p9zf Students with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF), typically defined as IQ scores between 70–85, occupy a particularly vulnerable and understudied position in secondary transition. They often do not qualify for intensive intellectual disability services yet struggle to meet traditional academic and graduation expectations, leaving them underserved by existing structures. This qualitative multiple case study design, incorporating cross-case analysis, examined the transition experiences of seven high school graduates with BIF from a comprehensive high school in Southern California, guided by Self-Determination Theory. Data included document analysis of IEPs, ITPs, and transcripts, alongside semi-structured interviews. Cross-case thematic analysis revealed four interconnected findings: self-determination thrived when students felt competent and heard; relationships and interest-based learning were powerful yet underutilized; life-skills instruction was fragmented; and connections... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8g61p9zf Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Seaver, Tabitha Dey https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60x2b1vd The human brain is an organ of prediction. It does not passively receive sensory information but actively constructs perception, action, and the felt sense of the body by issuing precision-weighted predictions and updating them against ascending prediction error. Under this hierarchical predictive architecture, suffering and well-being are not only outcomes of peripheral physiology but configurations of the brain's generative model: how rigidly its priors are held, where its attention is allocated, and how its high-level beliefs are coupled to interoceptive and exteroceptive signals. This dissertation investigates whether, and how, mind-body techniques transiently reorganize the predictive hierarchy, and what neural, molecular, and computational signatures accompany that reorganization.Three complementary studies are presented. Chapter 1 reports a randomized controlled trial demonstrating that four days of mindfulness meditation training produces a 33% reduction in experimentally... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60x2b1vd Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Jinich-Diamant, Alex https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fz1j1pj Lithium-ion batteries anchor transportation electrification and grid-scale energy storage. Usable capacity fades with age. Safe operation, second-life screening, and investment decisions therefore largely depend on the capacity-based state of health (SoH). A reference capacity test measures it directly but is costly and interrupts service. This dissertation connects health estimation to economic value in three parts.The first part estimates SoH for cells cycled under randomized loads mirroring real-world usage. Each cycling stretch is summarized by cell voltage and temperature probability density functions. The expectation–maximization algorithm identifies the assumed bimodal voltage and normal temperature distribution parameters. Identified parameters and statistical descriptors most correlated with SoH feed a support vector regression. On the NASA random walk benchmark it reaches 2.63 % mean absolute error and 3.31 % root mean square error. Its maximum error, 6.77 %, is the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fz1j1pj Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ling, Long https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3d49v62n Spinoza's monistic metaphysical picture is unique in its uncompromising and radical commitments. According to Spinoza, there is one substance—God—of which everything else (trees, humans, and chemical elements) are modes. Thus, all things are causally and conceptually dependent on God, inhere in God, and are effects of God's infinite essence, from which everything necessarily follows. Spinoza is also a committed necessitarian and determinist, according to whom God alone is a free cause, acting, as do all things in nature, from the universal laws of its own nature. According to this view, all finite things are on a metaphysical par, existing as parts of an infinite chain of finite causes as finite and determinate expressions of God’s infinite power.These austere metaphysical commitments have led some readers to question the reality of anything but God and to adopt an acosmist view. Furthermore, according to Spinoza's epistemology, our experience of singular things yields only partial... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3d49v62n Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Mark - Ben Shabat, Dafna https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pb9h6tv Static Output Feedback Control for Multi-Agent Systems Using Nash Equilibrium https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pb9h6tv Thu, 15 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Serna-Torre, Paul Hidalgo-Gonzalez, Patricia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9w32t2m4 Implementing a curriculum for Lifestyle Medicine application activities in a family medicine residency program https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9w32t2m4 Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Waidley, Victoria, MD Mignucci, Alexandra, MD Sannidhi, Deepa, MD, MPH Romero, Camila, MD, MPH https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tj61937 Advanced scientific light sources are foundational research infrastructure for semiconductor manufacturing, biomedicine, energy storage, and nuclear weapons stewardship. This report examines China’s pursuit of “photon sovereignty” through the rapid expansion of a domestically controlled network of synchrotrons and X-ray free-electron lasers. Drawing on open sources, it identifies approximately sixteen operational light sources and at least twenty-one additional facilities under construction or active planning, with known investment in ongoing projects approaching $13 billion. This expansion is broadening China’s scientific capabilities, reducing dependence on foreign infrastructure, and increasing access to advanced facilities across universities, research institutes, and industry. The strategic effects will be cumulative: more beamtime, broader spectral coverage, faster experimentation, and a larger trained user community could accelerate advances in foundational science, technology,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tj61937 Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Goodrich, Jimmy Martin, Jackson https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74w9m78d Accurately predicting temperature and density profiles in the near-edge region—roughly the outer 10% of closed flux surfaces—is critical for modeling tokamak performance because fusion power scales with the square of pedestal-top pressure. Building upon an existing framework for accelerated core transport solutions, this dissertation presents a workflow for self-consistently solving transport-limited pedestals using 1D, steady-state flux matching. Inverse scale lengths are represented using an asymmetric hyperbolic tangent parameterization, anchored at the separatrix. Modular near-edge physics including neutral and impurity penetration are added to account for their effects on source terms in the flux matching solution. Diamagnetic and neoclassical terms in the rotation profile are self-consistently updated, while the toroidal velocity is held constant at this stage. Neoclassical and turbulent transport models developed for core plasmas were chosen to determine their range of... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74w9m78d Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Molesworth, Steven https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5cs162sm Abstract Is truth believed to be more persuasive than falsehood? This paper explores this question using a series of experiments. First, a survey experiment reveals that participants consistently believe that the persuasive power of truthful messages exceeds that of lies. Second, two laboratory experiments, in which senders record truthful and false video messages about news events, show that senders mistakenly believe that their truthful messages will be more believable. Even when incentivised to lie, most senders choose to tell the truth—if tasked with persuading receivers. If not, however, most senders follow the incentives and lie. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5cs162sm Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Gneezy, Uri Serra-Garcia, Marta https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46g1x33x Impact of OMT for Migraines After Concussion https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46g1x33x Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Andrew, William, DO Alexander, Joshua, DO, MPH Chen, Alice, DO https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rn6282b In the past few years, the landscape of software development has been reshaped. Large Language Models have made generating code, proofs, tests, and documentation cheap and abundant. A generated artifact may look plausible yet be subtly wrong. At the pace generation now runs, manual review cannot close the gap. Generation is cheap; review is the bottleneck. This dissertation investigates how to establish formal guarantees for code at scale, with minimal human oversight. The first part of this dissertation studies mechanisms for enforcing strict syntactic constraints during LLM generation. In particular, we focus on Grammar-Constrained Decoding (GCD), which integrates formal grammar parsers directly into the decoding process. To make this approach practical for modern LLMs with large vocabularies, we develop techniques to improve the efficiency of grammar-aware decoding. We also identify a fundamental theoretical limitation of GCD: although it guarantees syntactic validity,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rn6282b Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Park, Kanghee https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3jr3j6nf Evaluating Efficiency Improvement Initiatives in a Multispecialty Academic Group Practice&nbsp; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3jr3j6nf Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Merrill, Sarah MacMillen, Caitlin Morn, Cassandra Wilkinson, Lesley Reddy, Divya Tai-Seale, Ming Barbato, Courtney Sugathan, Renu Satre, Matt https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1br4k757 Male athlete with right hip pain after fall&nbsp; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1br4k757 Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hudda, Rahil https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00q7h8w9 We investigate prosocial preferences in contexts where giving involves small amounts. Focusing on the lower bound of generosity, we propose an asymmetry: givers may prefer to give nothing rather than a small amount, whereas receivers prefer receiving a small amount to receiving nothing. Evidence from two survey experiments (N = 1,658), an incentivized laboratory experiment (N = 296), and a field study involving 77 fundraising sessions supports the existence of a reluctance to give small amounts. Our findings further suggest that this reluctance is misaligned with receivers’ preferences and that informing givers that small amounts are acceptable significantly increases the likelihood of giving. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00q7h8w9 Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Zhang, Jean Smitizsky, Gal Serra-Garcia, Marta Gneezy, Ayelet https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hf0p5zz This dissertation presents a search for anomalous production of the Higgs boson with the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment, together with two developments in reconstruction and computing for the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). The search targets vector boson scattering production of a Higgs boson with two vector bosons. It aims to constrain the quartic HHVV coupling, quoted relative to its Standard Model value: departures from unity grow the cross section quadratically and boost the final-state bosons. The search uses the full Run 2 dataset, 138 inverse femtobarns at a center-of mass energy of 13 TeV and 283 inverse femtobarns of Run 3 data at 13.6 TeV, in three channels: an all-hadronic state with three large-radius jets and two single-lepton states. The dominant multijet and top quark backgrounds are estimated from data with an ABCD method built on two decorrelated classifiers, and the signal is extracted from a simultaneous fit to several orthogonal signal regions... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hf0p5zz Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Arora, Aashay https://escholarship.org/uc/item/934643sx The behaviors of complex systems with interacting decision-making agents are governed not only by each agent’s selfish response to others’ decisions, but also by unforeseen environmental uncertainties. As such, analytical characterization of equilibrium behaviors of such systems must be robust to unknown disturbances. This dissertation explores stochastic one-shot games, where the agents’ utilities depend not only on the collective strategy profiles but also on some well-behaved randomness; and a distributionally robust version of such games. The main focus is on providing conditions under which these games admit a Nash equilibrium (NE), relating the NE of the games, and coming up with distributed algorithms that converge near an NE, when it exists. Another focus of this dissertation is on applying these algorithms to solve task allocation problems among self-interested agents in a distributed way.We first study the game where each decision-maker is agnostic to the random variable’s... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/934643sx Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Mandal, Nirabhra https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8m61z34m Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer Screening Knowledge and Practices among Primary Care Clinicians in Academic and Community Practices&nbsp; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8m61z34m Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Dang, Laurel, MD Savides, Thomas Barbato, Courtney Delaney, Kevin Graham, Ross Walker, Amanda, MS Tai-Seale, Ming https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8hx5r7r0 Learning to Pause and Reflect: Contributions of Artificial Intelligence and Standardized Patients in Reflective Dialogue Practice in Primary Care&nbsp;&nbsp; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8hx5r7r0 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Tai-Seale, Ming Çelebi, Julie Reddy, Divya Rosen, Rebecca https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bj5726h This dissertation argues that interpreting our own values, cares, concerns, and other elements of our identities can significantly transform our evaluative, motivational, and affective lives. More specifically, I develop an empirically informed account of how applying lexical concepts to our evaluative-motivational perspectives (paradigmatically, in the context of sincere, intimate dialogue) can reshape those very perspectives, often bringing them into closer alignment with the contents those concepts ascribe to them. In short, I show that self-interpretation is, in the usual case, a mode of self-formation. In fact, I argue, it is a particularly valuable mode of changing—and holding on to—who we are. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bj5726h Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Tiran, Noam https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85b451v3 Pilot Study: Feasibility of a Whole-Food, Plant-Based Dietary Intervention for Patients with Low-Risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia&nbsp; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85b451v3 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Portera, Ariel Choi, Michael Fiorella, Melanie Golshan, Shahrokh Holt, Tiffany Bundy, Kathleen Shekhtman, Tatyana https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vp801h6 Why the Wobble? Cracking the Case of Knee Swelling and Limp in a Young Patient https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vp801h6 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Xu, Jason, MD Taylor, Kenneth, MD https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7s687580 Enhancing Prenatal Care and Resident Learning Through Structured Obstetrics Chart Review https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7s687580 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Reddy, Divya, MD Çelebi, Julie, MD, MSc Wu, Jennifer, MD Gin, Geneen, DO Rosen, Rebecca, MD https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r49q4m5 Human information work often unfolds through iterative, exploratory, and partially specified processes. Yet current digital workspaces do not reflect the evolving structures of the task itself; instead, they are organized around fixed tools, specific content types, and application boundaries. This mismatch fragments work across applications and leaves coordination burdens to the users. This design paradigm has persisted partly because the fluid, idiosyncratic nature of tasks made them difficult to represent directly. As AI systems become increasingly capable of interpreting and externalizing the structure of ongoing work, this constraint begins to loosen, opening the possibility of interfaces that are not static containers for content, but dynamic representations of the task itself. This thesis proposes task structures as an underlying representation for a new generation of generative and composable interfaces. Task structures make explicit the objects and relationships... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r49q4m5 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Cao, Yining https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qb2h3q9 Demographic Changes of Free Clinic Patients After Medi-Cal Older Adult Eligibility Expansion https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qb2h3q9 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Margaret Sweeney, Colleen, MS Miller Ostler, Emily Paulette Means, Angelica Johnson, Michelle, MD https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pc3z5vc In this thesis, we present four results: in the first, we give a fast algorithms for calculating the quasi-F-split height of Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in characteristic p. In the second, we give a fast algorithm for calculating the zeta functions of projective hypersurfaces in characteristic p. In the third, we show that Berkovich’s affinoid algebras and dagger algebras are F-instersection flat (and thus contain big test elements). In the fourth, we consider the problem of the nullstellensatz of perfectoid Tate algebras. We give a result and a counterexample; we establish a limitation on what the possible quotient fields, and we generalize a counterexample due to Gleason. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pc3z5vc Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Garzella, Jack Jerry https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6m77t5xh Efficient co-utilization of hexose and pentose sugars from lignocellulose is essential for microbial bioconversion, yet engineered catabolic pathways can be unstable or suboptimal in complex resource environments. Here, we use a Pseudomonas putida strain engineered to catabolize xylose and arabinose to examine how resource abundance, temporal availability, and subculturing shape evolutionary outcomes. Using an automated adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) platform, we evolve the strain under simple single-substrate and complex multi-substrate selection pressures. These environments drive divergence between catabolic specialists and generalists. Weak or absent selection for xylose frequently leads to loss of xylose catabolism, whereas carbon-limited mixed-sugar environments promote stable retention and coordinated optimization of multiple catabolic pathways, enhancing growth and substrate utilization. Genomic, proteomic, and biochemical analyses show that pathway-specific fitness... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6m77t5xh Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Woo, Sunghwa Lim, Hyun Gyu Norton-Baker, Brenna Lind, Torrey M Gladden, Nathan E Chen, Yan de Venecia, Ciara Eng, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4974-3863 Johnson, Christopher W Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6513-7425 Petzold, Christopher J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8270-5228 Guss, Adam M Beckham, Gregg T Feist, Adam M https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8630-4800 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bh0m076 Can a Choosing Wisely-based educational intervention improve inpatient medical decision-making confidence and clinical accuracy among family medicine residents? https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bh0m076 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Plotner, Elisabeth, MD McPherson, Julie, MD https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6985739k The study of affective behavior in non-human animals has increased due to its importance in monitoring their welfare. However, assessing affective states poses challenges given that context, state and behavior do not exist in a 1:1:1 correspondence. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) exist in complex social and physical environments that make them an interesting candidate for the study of affective states. In Chapter 1, we identified candidate affective behaviors from existing literature and from surveys of dolphin trainers. We tested these candidate behaviors using dolphins’ responses to a cognitive task as a quasi-manipulation. We expected to induce positive affect when a reward was received and negative affect when a reward was not received. We found that certain behaviors are associated with each outcome and that these behaviors matched those that were identified by trainers. In Chapter 2, we elicited a state of surprise by presenting dolphins with a violation of expectations.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6985739k Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Miller, Emma Christine https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63w245qp Geometric numerical integration has repeatedly proven useful for modeling dynamical systems, but attempts to apply this technique to kinetic plasmas face unique challenges. Traditional particle-in-cell (PIC) methods, though computationally efficient, introduce statistical noise that precludes strict structure-preservation. On the other hand, grid-based (Eulerian) methods, which constitute the other main category of kinetic plasma integrators, have degrees of freedom that scale with the size of the domain, meaning that the computational costs they incur can quickly exceed the memory and processing limitations of local workstations. Nevertheless, Eulerian methods are, in principle, compatible with a geometric approach, and how one ought to discretize, in a structure-preserving way, the infinite-dimensional Lie group of symplectomorphisms remains an interesting, and nontrivial, open question. We give a partial answer, extending a structure-preserving approach - previously applied... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63w245qp Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ostrowski, Kevin James https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xg6j2m1 A Case Study of Waste Management in Tokyo, Japan: Infrastructure, Stakeholder Views, and Circular Economy Goals https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xg6j2m1 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Bernal, Soraya https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5wh7j79t Assessing Efficacy of the Psychiatric Component of a Collaborative Care Program at a Family Medicine Clinic https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5wh7j79t Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Lindeman, Kurt Rahman, Akbar https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4f2708ss An Unusual Case of Mastoiditis Presenting as Pulsatile Tinnitus https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4f2708ss Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Zhen, Kevin Gin, Geneen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4575c1h8 Automated Draft Replies for Patient Messages: Learnings After One Year https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4575c1h8 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Barbato, Courtney, MS Vaida, Florin, PhD Walker, Amanda, MS Tai-Seale, Ming https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3h17286t Large-scale pretraining has produced powerful deep learning representations, but real-world data rarely match the clean, uniform assumptions of standard transfer learning. This dissertation uses heterogeneous data to describe settings in which information differs in modality, representation, relevance, quality, or frequency across inputs, outputs, tasks, or supervision. Examples include molecules represented as graphs, images, strings, and text; images containing both informative and redundant regions; noisy or incomplete labels; and rare but important classes. Applying pretrained models in these settings requires deciding which information to process, how to connect different forms of information, and how much to trust each supervision signal. This dissertation develops adaptive learning as a unifying approach through three paradigms: adaptive selection focuses computation on useful input components; adaptive alignment maps heterogeneous modalities, tasks, and outputs into a... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3h17286t Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Liang, Youwei https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36k9q25m Facilitating End-of-Life Care Decision Making by Summarizing Goals of Care Notes by Large Language Models https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36k9q25m Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ekbote, Ninad Graham, Ross Tai-Seale, Ming https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ph425t9 This dissertation examines improvisation as a site of continuously negotiated agency, drawing on three original recordings — Echoes of Origin, Emanations, and Misterio Entre Tú y Yo — as primary objects of analysis. Taking an autoethnographic approach grounded in two decades of performance experience, the project argues that musical initiative in ensemble improvisation is not held by a single performer but redistributed moment to moment through a relay of proposal, ratification, withholding, and seizure. To trace this relay, the dissertation develops the Interaction Map, a symbolic notation system designed to capture the transfer of initiative in ways standard notation cannot, applying it through close analysis of an extended passage from Emanations and a comparative passage from Echoes of Origin.Extending this relay inward, the dissertation then asks what happens to musical initiative when only one performer occupies every position within it. Drawing on Bakhtin's account of unmerged... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ph425t9 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Acosta, Boris Ernesto https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28h6m922 Improving Substance Use Treatment in Family Medicine Clinics https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28h6m922 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Creel, Kristin, MD Kos, Nicholas, MD Rossopoulos, Thanos, MD https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21p7d9dv Cardio-Cognitive Coherence | A Team-Based Clinical Mini-Application https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21p7d9dv Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kneese, Garrett Rossopoulos, Thanos https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1pb2666b Fentanyl knowledge, attitudes, and safer usage strategies among people who use drugs in the San Diego/Tijuana border region https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1pb2666b Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Schecter, Arielle, MD Bailey, Katie, PhD, MPA Valasek, CJ, PhD Vera, Carlos, MPH Harvey-Vera, Alicia, PhD Borquez, Annick, MSc, PhD Strathdee, Steffanie, PhD https://escholarship.org/uc/item/09b921rg This Letter presents a combination of searches for Higgs boson pair ( ) production performed by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations using proton-proton collision datasets recorded at during the Large Hadron Collider Run 2, corresponding to integrated luminosities ranging between 126 and . The upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the total signal strength, defined as the ratio of the measured cross section to the standard model (SM) prediction, corresponds to 2.5, with an expected value of 1.7 (2.8) assuming the absence (presence) of the SM signal. The strength of the signal is measured to be relative to the SM prediction. The observed significance is found to be 1.1 standard deviations whereas 1.3 are expected for the SM signal. Constraints are set on the Higgs boson trilinear self-coupling and on the couplings of two Higgs bosons to two vector bosons, both normalized to the SM predictions and denoted as and , respectively. The observed individual constraints at the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/09b921rg Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmad, A Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Åkesson, TPA Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Alley, CS Almazan, ER Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Amezza, T Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Dos Santos, SP Amor Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M Aoki, T Aparo, MA Bella, L Aperio https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0391q910 Pilocytic astrocytoma presenting as unilateral torsional nystagmus&nbsp; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0391q910 Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Collins, Cassandra, MD, MPH Brady, Patricia, MD https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8pz5p54q We construct and study non-invertible symmetries associated with G-graded fusion categories in two-dimensional quantum field theories through three-dimensional symmetry topological field theories enriched by a symmetry group G. We systematically develop the corresponding symmetry-enriched topological orders and investigate how different symmetry fractionalization classes in the three-dimensional theory affect the resulting non-invertible symmetries in two dimensions. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8pz5p54q Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Zhang, Zipei https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8284m0pb The Standard Model (SM) provides a remarkably successful description of elementary particles and their interactions. Nevertheless, several open questions indicate its incompleteness and motivate searches for new physics beyond the SM. This thesis presents a study aimed at probing physics beyond the SM through Higgs-related resonances with the CMS experiment, together with developments in heterogeneous computing for charged-particle track reconstruction. The first two Chapters of the thesis introduce the theoretical and experimental foundations of modern particle physics, including the SM, the Higgs mechanism, the Large Hadron Collider, and the CMS detector. The third Chapter presents a search for Higgs-pair resonances in the final state of two bottom quark jets and two photons, as probes of possible new physics beyond the SM. These searches exploit the unique role of the Higgs boson as a window into electroweak symmetry breaking and potential extensions of the SM.Chapter 4 addresses... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8284m0pb Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Gu, Yanxi https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p8556j5 Uncertainties in global climate projections are largely due to the uncertain representation of subgrid-scale processes in global simulations (e.g., clouds and convection). There are multiple approaches to improve the physics parameterizations within global climate models (GCMs). One approach is to improve our physical understanding of specific subgrid-scale processes (e.g., clouds and cloud microphysics). Another approach is to calibrate GCM parameterizations using observed climate statistics. I leverage simplified numerical models and optimization to contribute to both approaches. Simplified numerical models provide insights into how physical processes behave and are good for testing numerical methods. Optimization is a powerful calibration tool for solving high-dimensional inverse problems. First, I connect two very different stratocumulus cloud models to understand how simplified cloud models adapt to varying meteorological conditions. I calibrate a scalar delay differential... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p8556j5 Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Gjini, Rebecca https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kc749w6 Essays in Workplace Influences on Health Behaviors examines the impact of workplace peers and policies on health behaviors.Chapter 1 examines the impact of coworker fitness on individual fitness and weight status. Using the conditional random assignment of soldiers in the US Army to companies, I find that being assigned to a high fitness peer group increases individual fitness and decreases the likelihood of being obese. The decrease in obesity persists for at least three years following the dissolution of the original peer group. Using an instrumental&nbsp; variables approach, I isolate the impact of peers’ time varying behaviors and highlight the potential for fitness promoting policies to create positive spillovers. Finally, I show that the peer effect is driven by individuals competing with top performing peers rather than individuals trying to stay ahead of less fit peers.Chapter 2 explores how increased workplace drug testing can lead individuals to substitute away from... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kc749w6 Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hoover, Alec Christopher https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6k96d6fx The University of California, San Diego (UCSD) time-dependent three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction technique provides volumetric maps of density, velocity, and solar surface extrapolated magnetic fields by iteratively fitting our kinematic 3-D model to interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations. While we currently use data from the Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Japan, we have also integrated this system adding data from Worldwide IPS Stations (WIPSS) network groups to increase both spatial and temporal coverage when these data are available. Some of these stations, especially the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR), centered in the Netherlands, currently operate in “campaign” mode only during periods of interest when the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) makes close passes to the Sun. The UCSD 3-D iterative reconstruction technique is unique in its ability to yield a low-resolution seamless extension of density and velocity parameters measured in situ, going outward... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6k96d6fx Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Jackson, BV https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7664-5858 Tokumaru, M Fallows, RA Bisi, MM Fujiki, K Chashei, I Tyul'bashev, S Chang, O Barnes, D Buffington, A Cota, L Bracamontes, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31h0w0gs The overarching goal of this dissertation is devising computational tools for high-Reynolds number, turbulent, realistic, engineering flows, then applying the tools as such. To meet this goal, the tools must be statistical. We therefore develop new statistical methods, each tailored to a distinct type of statistics. They range from an improved algorithm for spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (spectral POD, or SPOD), made for flows with stationary statistics and broadband--tonal spectra, called adaptive sine-taper SPOD; to a workflow that synthesizes time-varying mean-flow analysis and space--time POD, designed for statistically transient flows; to a wholly new method created for strongly nonlinear flows, named triadic orthogonal decomposition (TOD). We test the methods on a variety of turbulent examples, including an open-cavity flow, jets, a wind-turbine wake, and isotropic turbulence. The examples show that sine-taper SPOD balances sharply resolving tonal peaks and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31h0w0gs Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Yeung, Brandon https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2z21021p Privacy threats are abundant when a user browses the Web. For example, online tracking code collects information about people for targeted (and potentially discriminatory) advertisements. Governments have surveilled foreign and domestic network traffic. Attackers also forge criminal legal process documents (e.g., search warrants) to steal user data from tech companies. In response to these threats, privacy defenders have created tools that are sometimes widely adopted, but the threats still remain. I argue that this discrepancy can be explained by privacy defenses being built around a model of a system that differs from that system's actual behavior. Furthermore, I argue that empirical analysis can evaluate how well the model and system align, and that when they diverge, widespread privacy harms occur. I examine four privacy defenses across the Web ecosystem. First, we analyze content blockers, which aim to protect users from online tracking. We find that content blockers... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2z21021p Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ukani, Alisha https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ps2s8c0 This dissertation contributes to scholarship at the intersection of medieval spirituality and gender, moving towards a less teleological model of the history medieval spirituality and gender. Using a single core text, Caesarius of Heisterbach’s Dialogus Miraculorum (c. 1229), this study examines how gendered meanings manifest in four interrelated ways: the masculine, the feminine, the supernatural, and the transcendent. The analysis first traces traditional gendered&nbsp;lines, but the latter part of this discussion interrogates those binaries, testing how those dichotomies hold up under scrutiny.In terms of masculinity, this dissertation argues that within the dichotomy between crusader and monk, Caesarius intentionally intertwines two masculinities using the concept of ‘the elect.’ By conflating them under the auspices of spiritual prowess, he frames them as conceptually similar. For femininity, despite of Caesarius’s assertions of equity between women and men, his narratives... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ps2s8c0 Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Violette, Stephanie Victoria https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9qf8v26x Volumetric mapping of total, bound and pore water as well as collagen protons in cortical bone using 3D ultrashort echo time (UTE) MR imaging techniques allows accurate diagnosis of osteopenia and osteoporosis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9qf8v26x Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ma, Ya-Jun Jerban, Saeed Wei, Zhao Cai, Zhenyu To, Sarah Jang, Hyungseok Du, Jiang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-2450 Chang, Eric https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wc1c90m PURPOSE: Myelin integrity is increasingly recognized as a potential factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, making accurate quantification of myelin essential for elucidating its role in the progression of the disease. This study aims to evaluate the potential of ultrashort echo time magnetization transfer (UTE-MT) imaging for assessing myelin-related alterations in an APP knock-in mouse model of AD (hereafter referred to as APPKI mice). METHOD: Eighteen APPKI mice (∼14 months; 9 females/9 males) and fourteen age-matched wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) (8 females/6 males) were scanned on a 3T Bruker scanner. Two sets of UTE-MT data (TR=80 ms, TE=0.026 ms) were acquired with an MT pulse power of 1500° (θ=1500°) and frequency offset of 2 kHz (Δf = 2 kHz) (MT_on), and with θ=500° and Δf = 50 kHz (MT_off), respectively. UTE-MT ratio (UTE-MTR) maps, calculated as (MT_off - MT_on)/MT_off, were generated for comparing APPKI and WT mice.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wc1c90m Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wang, Jiaji Athertya, Jiyo S Cheng, Xin Patel, Amanda Chan, Nathan Raymond Liu, Brandon Tang, Qingbo Chang, Eric Y Wang, Shanshan Ma, Yajun Head, Brian P Tang, Guangyu Du, Jiang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-2450 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02r1w8z7 ObjectiveTo evaluate quantitative ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers, pore-to-matrix ratio (PMR), and matrix index (MI) for assessing trabecular bone in the proximal femur across aging and osteoporosis-related bone status.Materials and methodsIn this prospective study, 92 female subjects (20–83 years) were classified into four groups based on age and DXA-derived T-scores: Young Normal (n = 19), Old Normal (n = 14), Osteopenia (n = 44), and Osteoporosis (n = 15). All participants underwent 3-T hip MRI using 3D dual-echo proton-density-weighted UTE (PD-UTE) and short TR adiabatic inversion recovery UTE (STAIR-UTE) sequences. Measurements were performed in the femoral head and neck by two readers. Interobserver agreement was assessed via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Group differences were analyzed with the Kruskal–Wallis test and Holm-adjusted post hoc tests. Spearman correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02r1w8z7 Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Yi, Jisook Suprana, Arya Meng, Yankai Ma, Yajun Chang, Eric Woods, Gina Ginsberg, Charles Jerban, Saeed Du, Jiang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-2450 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qx1s12n Therapeutic Efficacy of NSI-189 against Diabetic Neuropathy and Encephalopathy in Mice https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qx1s12n Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Jolivalt, Corinne G https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-1341 Marquez, Alex Anaya, Carlos Kifle, Betelhem Muttalib, Nabeel Hefferan, Michael Johe, Karl Calcutt, Nigel A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8458-8195 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43f3w59n Diabetes mellitus represents a group of metabolic diseases that are characterized by hyperglycemia caused by either lack of insulin production or a reduced ability to respond to insulin. It is estimated that there were 347 million people worldwide who suffered from diabetes in 2008 and incidence is predicted to double by 2050. Neuropathy is the most common complication of long-term diabetes and approximately 30% of these subjects develop chronic neuropathic pain. A distinct acute, severe form of neuropathic pain, called insulin neuritis or treatment-induced painful neuropathy of diabetes (TIND), may also occur shortly after initiation of intensive glycemic control, with an incidence rate of up to 10.9%. The pathological mechanisms leading to TIND, which is mostly unresponsive to analgesics, are not yet understood, impeding the development of therapies. Studies to date have been clinical and with limited cohorts of patients. In the current study, we developed chronic and acute... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43f3w59n Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Nicodemus, Juliet M Enriquez, Cynthia Marquez, Alexandra Anaya, Carlos J Jolivalt, Corinne G https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-1341 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sm3c74m Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a highly aggressive endometrial cancer subtype with limited therapeutic options and a lack of targeted therapies. While mutations to PPP2R1A, which encodes the predominant protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) scaffolding protein Aα, occur in 30% to 40% of USC cases, the clinical actionability of these mutations has not been studied. Using a high-throughput screening approach, we showed that mutations in Aα results in synthetic lethality following treatment with inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). In vivo, multiple models of Aα mutant uterine serous tumors were sensitive to clofarabine, an RNR inhibitor (RNRi). Aα-mutant cells displayed impaired checkpoint signaling upon RNRi treatment and subsequently accumulated more DNA damage than wild-type (WT) cells. Consistently, inhibition of PP2A activity using LB-100, a catalytic inhibitor, sensitized WT USC cells to RNRi. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas data indicated that inactivation of PP2A,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sm3c74m Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 O'Connor, Caitlin M Taylor, Sarah E Miller, Kathryn M Hurst, Lauren Haanen, Terrance J Suhan, Tahra K Zawacki, Kaitlin P Noto, Fallon K Trako, Jonida Mohan, Arathi Sangodkar, Jaya Zamarin, Dmitriy DiFeo, Analisa Narla, Goutham https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sw5g3fk DNA mismatch repair (MMR) corrects DNA replication errors, some forms of chemical damage to DNA bases, and acts in processes such as heteroduplex rejection, triplet repeat expansion, antibody maturation and cytotoxicity of alkylating agents. During MMR, the newly synthesized DNA strand containing the error must be removed and resynthesized to prevent mutations. In bacteria, this strand is displaced by the UvrD DNA helicase. In eukaryotes, this strand is excised by redundant pathways. In the first excision pathway identified, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Msh2-Msh6 (or Msh2-Msh3) and/or Mlh1-Pms1 (human MLH1-PMS2) recruit Exo1 to 5' nicks, and 5'-to-3' excision by Exo1 excises the daughter strand containing the mispair to generate a single-stranded gap. The Mlh1-Pms1 endonuclease also mediates excision through extensive nicking of the daughter strand to generate single-stranded gaps. In coupled strand-displacement synthesis coordinated by Msh2-Msh6 (or Msh2-Msh3), DNA polymerase delta... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sw5g3fk Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Putnam, Christopher D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-1265 Kolodner, Richard D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4806-8384 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qg2w9c6 Eukaryotic DNA mismatch repair (MMR) involves several excision pathways, including those mediated by exonuclease 1 (Exo1) and by the flap endonuclease Rad27 (human FEN1) coupled with DNA polymerase δ. Simultaneous inactivation of both excision mechanisms causes an MMR defect that is at most 5 to 13% of that caused by complete inactivation of MMR. Here, we reconstituted nicked-strand-specific MMR with the <i><i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i></i> proteins Msh2-Msh6 or Msh2-Msh3, DNA polymerase ε, RFC, PCNA, RPA, and Mlh1-Pms1 (human Mlh1-Pms2) under conditions lacking Exo1, Rad27, or strand-displacement synthesis by DNA polymerase δ. These reactions required the Mlh1-Pms1 endonuclease activity, its activation by RFC and PCNA, and its recruitment by Msh2-Msh6 or Msh2-Msh3. MMR was mediated by nicked-strand-specific excision by Mlh1-Pms1 through formation of single-strand DNA gaps having a broad range of sizes. This reaction is consistent with genetic data demonstrating redundancy between... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qg2w9c6 Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Palacio, Tatiana Calil, Felipe A Bowen, Nikki Griffith, Jack D Putnam, Christopher D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-1265 Kolodner, Richard D https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jd21512 Recycling of cellular components through autophagy maintains homeostasis in changing nutrient environments. Although its core mechanisms are extensively studied, understanding of its systems-wide dynamic regulation remains limited, particularly regarding how autophagy is inactivated once nutrients are restored. Here we mapped the genetic network that controls activation and inactivation of autophagy during nitrogen changes by combining time-resolved high-content imaging, deep learning and latent feature analysis. This dataset, termed AutoDRY, categorizes 5,919 mutants based on nutrient response kinetics and their contributions to autophagosome formation and clearance. Integrating these profiles with functional and genetic network data uncovered hierarchical and multilayered control of autophagy and revealed multiple new regulatory pathways. Notably, we identified the retrograde pathway as a pivotal time-varying modulator that tunes the expression of core autophagy genes and plays... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jd21512 Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Chica, Nathalia Andersen, Aram N Orellana-Muñoz, Sara Garcia, Ignacio P, Aurélie Nguéa Nakken, Sigve Ayuda-Durán, Pilar Håkensbakken, Linda Schultz, Sebastian W Rødningen, Eline Putnam, Christopher D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-1265 Zucknick, Manuela Rusten, Tor Erik Enserink, Jorrit M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28m110nf High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a lethal malignancy where matrix proteins enhance ascites-associated recurrent tumor growth. Elevated focal adhesion kinase (FAK/PTK2) and collagen protein expression support tumor survival, chemoresistance, and immune evasion. However, the sources and regulation of collagen production within HGSOC tumorspheres is unclear. Using CRISPR-mediated FAK knockout and FAK re-expression in two syngeneic HGSOC models (MOVCAR and KMF), FAK loss impaired tumorsphere growth in vitro and in vivo while reducing collagen expression, as determined by RNA sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, and protein mass spectrometry. FAK re-expression promoted spontaneous metastatic ovarian tumor dissemination. Integrated bioinformatic analyses of MOVCAR, KMF, and HGSOC patient datasets identified 56 common mRNAs co-elevated with PTK2, including COL3A1 and COL5A2. Single-cell RNA sequencing of murine KMF ascites revealed a subset of tumor cells expressing Col3a1 and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28m110nf Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ojalill, Marjaana Haanen, Terrance J Khan, Safir Ullah Zhang, Yichi Boyer, Antonia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2716-8280 Chen, Xiao Lei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7998-9963 Suwal, Ujjwal Rappu, Pekka Heino, Jyrki McHale, Michael T Stupack, Dwayne G Schlaepfer, David D https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-9210 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/219207bt We investigate preconditioned conjugate gradient methods for kernel ridge regression (KRR) problems with a moderate to large number of data points (104≤N≤107$$10^4 \le N \le 10^7$$). We develop and analyze two randomized preconditioners with complementary guarantees. For full-data KRR, RPCholesky preconditioning requires O(N2)$$\mathcal {O}(N^2)$$ arithmetic operations for fixed accuracy under sufficiently rapid eigenvalue decay of the kernel matrix. For restricted KRR with k≪N$$k\ll N$$ centers, KRILL preconditioning requires O((N+k2)klogk)$$\mathcal {O}((N+k^2)k\log k)$$ operations with no eigenvalue-decay assumption. Experiments on benchmark and scientific data sets demonstrate the robustness of both methods relative to existing preconditioners. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/219207bt Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Díaz, Mateo Epperly, Ethan N https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0712-8296 Frangella, Zachary Tropp, Joel A Webber, Robert J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8286-6315 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1k4712d2 The FDA recently granted accelerated approval of the small-molecule focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor (FAKi, defactinib) in combination with a RAF-MEK clamp inhibitor (avutometinib) for KRAS-mutated low-grade serous ovarian cancer developed by Verastem Inc. This milestone moment represents a long journey in FAKi development, from initial findings of limited single-agent activity to orally delivered FAKi effects that can sensitize solid tumors to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy treatments. In this study, we review a short history of FAK, summarize ongoing combinatorial clinical trials, discuss potential mechanisms of action, and highlight studies showing that FAK activation is a chemo- and mechano-sensitive signaling hub driving tumor adaptive changes. Targeting FAK disarms tumor resistance through multiple mechanisms, which supports new biological insights and future clinical combinations. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1k4712d2 Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Haanen, Terrance J Schlaepfer, David D https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-9210 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15c4x750 Background/Objectives: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature of many peripheral neuropathies and agents that enhance mitochondrial function have potential as pan-neuropathy therapeutics. M1 receptor (M1R) antagonists enhance mitochondrial function and reverse multiple indices of neuropathy in rodents and humans with diabetic neuropathy. The present studies extend evaluation of the M1R-selective antagonist pirenzepine to mouse models of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), with a primary focus on pain relief. Results: Oxaliplatin-exposed mice developed allodynia to light touch that persisted for months before resolution. Systemic pirenzepine (1 mg/kg/day) starting prior to chemotherapy did not prevent allodynia but accelerated recovery. Topical delivery (4% pirenzepine in hydrogel) to the paw, beginning after onset of allodynia, also accelerated recovery, with efficacy persisting weeks after treatment cessation and accompanied by normalization of paw responses... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15c4x750 Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kassahun, Markos Tayarani, Alireza Freedman, Kyle Gastelum, Sebastian Nemmani, Rakesh Andrew, Jacob Soylu, Meryem H Frizzi, Katie E Hansen, Angela Fernyhough, Paul Jolivalt, Corinne G https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-1341 Stupack, Dwayne G Calcutt, Nigel A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8458-8195 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13m12996 Topical Delivery of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Prevents and Reverses Indices of Neuropathy in Mouse Models of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13m12996 Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Frizzi, Katie Jolivalt, Corinne G https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-1341 Mota, Andre J Gedarevich, Ivetta Fernyhough, Paul Calcutt, Nigel A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8458-8195 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0hv08611 Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) and uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) tumors are uniquely aggressive, suggesting that the primary tumor is intrinsically equipped to disseminate and metastasize. Previous work identified mutational hotspots within PPP2R1A, which encodes the Aα scaffolding subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a heterotrimeric serine/threonine phosphatase. Two recurrent heterozygous PPP2R1A mutations, P179R and S256F, occur exclusively within high-grade subtypes of uterine cancer and can drive tumorigenesis and metastasis. Elucidation of the mechanisms by which PP2A Aα mutants promote tumor development and progression could help identify therapeutic opportunities. Here, we showed that expression of these mutants in USC/UCS cell lines enhanced tumor-initiating capacity, drove a hybrid epithelial-to-mesenchymal plasticity phenotype, and elevated secretion of the tumorigenic cytokine insulin growth factor (IGF) binding protein 2 (IGFBP2). Therapeutic targeting of the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0hv08611 Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Haanen, Terrance J Boock, Sophie Callahan, Catherine G Peris, Irene Zawacki, Kaitlin P Raines, Brynne Nino, Charles A Tran, Brian Harold, Alexis Onishi, Gabrielle Hodges Hinderman, Matthew Dowdican, Amanda Huang, Wei Taylor, Derek J Taylor, Sarah E Jackson, Mark W DiFeo, Analisa O’Connor, Caitlin M Narla, Goutham https://escholarship.org/uc/item/07h5t3tb Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a family of serine threonine phosphatases responsible for regulating protein phosphorylation, thus opposing the activity of cellular kinases. PP2A is composed of a catalytic subunit (PP2A&nbsp;Cα/β) and scaffolding subunit (PP2A&nbsp;Aα/β) and various substrate-directing B regulatory subunits. PP2A biogenesis is regulated at multiple levels. For example, the sequestration of the free catalytic subunit during the process of biogenesis avoids promiscuous phosphatase activity. Posttranslational modifications of PP2A&nbsp;C direct PP2A heterotrimeric formation. Additionally, PP2A functions as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor, where attenuated PP2A enzymatic activity creates a permissive environment for oncogenic transformation. Recent work studying PP2A in cancer showed that its role in tumorigenesis is more nuanced, with some holoenzymes being tumor suppressive, while others are required for oncogenic transformation. In cancer biology, PP2A function... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/07h5t3tb Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Haanen, Terrance J O'Connor, Caitlin M Narla, Goutham https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00d687jt Human DNA ligase 1 (LIG1) performs the final step in DNA repair and recombination pathways by sealing DNA breaks, and it functions as the main replicative ligase. Hypomorphic LIG1 variants R771W and R641L cause immune deficiencies in LIG1 Syndrome patients. In&nbsp;vitro these LIG1 variants have decreased catalytic efficiency and increased abortive ligation and it is not known if either biochemical defect is sufficient on its own to cause immune deficiency. We investigated the enzymatic activity of several new candidate LIG1 Syndrome variants chosen based on their structural proximity to known clinical variants, low minor allele frequency (MAF), high level of conservation, and concurrence in patients with similar symptoms as LIG1 Syndrome patients. The R305Q substitution is in the DNA binding domain, R768W is in the OB-fold domain, and R641S is in the nucleotidyltransferase domain. Biochemical characterization confirmed deficiencies in ligase activity for all three variants, but... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00d687jt Fri, 9 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Veenstra, Jenna H Chabez, Alexandria Haanen, Terrance J Keranen, Austin Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte O’Brien, Patrick J https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98z4c1sh In this dissertation, we establish a unified theoretical foundation for staircase formation and persistence using a hierarchy of reduced physical models. The objective is to identify the minimal physical mechanisms responsible for staircase formation, determine the conditions that allow these structures to persist, and assess their relevance to transport regulation in magnetized plasmas. In Chapter 1, we study staircase formation in passive scalar advection by stationary and fluctuating cellular flows. We show that layering emerges from the separation between rapid intra-cell mixing and slow inter-cell transport. Staircases remain robust to global transverse shear and weak vortex scattering when the diffusive timescale exceeds the turnover timescale and profile curvature remains sufficiently large. Persistence is quantified using the cellular Peclet number and profile curvature. In Chapter 2, we extend this model to active scalar transport by studying staircase formation... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98z4c1sh Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ramirez Flores, Fredy Roldan https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89j3r2gz Abstract Mesoscale eddies are the dominant reservoir of kinetic energy in the ocean, yet the mechanisms that generate and maintain them in eastern boundary current systems remain incompletely assessed. Here we use a 1-km resolution simulation of the California Current System (CCS) to diagnose and quantify the processes that supply kinetic energy to the mesoscale band. A pronounced seasonal transition is evident in surface vorticity, kinetic energy spectra, and mixed-layer depth. In winter and spring, the mixed layer deepens during periods of strong wind work. Once the forcing relaxes, the mixed layer restratifies, generating submesoscale eddies and filaments. These features merge and transfer energy upscale, supplying the mesoscale through an inverse cascade. These mixed-layer restratification events occur most frequently when the mixed layer is deep (∼50 m) and highly variable. In contrast, during summer when the mixed layer is shallow, a mixed-layer-averaged geostrophic kinetic... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89j3r2gz Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Gazeley, Jack F Gille, Sarah T https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9144-4368 Siegelman, Lia Naveira Garabato, Alberto C May, Jackie D’Addezio, Joseph Xie, Shang-Ping https://escholarship.org/uc/item/819785rk Author Correction: DREAM repressive activity links somatic mutation, lifespan and disease https://escholarship.org/uc/item/819785rk Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Koch, Zane Nandi, Shuvro P https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4855-4697 Licon, Kate Bujarrabal-Dueso, Arturo Meyer, David H Saeed, Safa Perampalam, Pirunthan Dick, Frederick A Schumacher, Björn Alexandrov, Ludmil B Ideker, Trey https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qt5n20m Abstract The American Geophysical Union (AGU) announces the new living collection “Impactful Datasets in Earth, Space, and Environmental Sciences” which recognizes the creation and curation of datasets&nbsp;enabling research, analysis, and decision making beyond what is captured by traditional academic impact metrics. The collection highlights datasets through the dimensions of People, Planet, and Prosperity, and includes a curated set of nominated datasets and accompanying special collection of data papers. Developed with the Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) community, the nomination and review process initially invites contributors from across research, operations, and public service, to nominate datasets important to their work, and then submit a data paper that expands upon the nomination text for inclusion in the special collection. This commentary highlights the rationale for the living collection, and the process of nomination. The collection serves as a living... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qt5n20m Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Gum, Joseph Caprarelli, Graziella Montanari, Alberto Sedora, Brian Stall, Shelley Biddle, Mathew Blake, Rachael Jones, Matt Joyner, Elizabeth KC, Binita Newman, Doug Schuster, Doug Thomer, Andrea K Wilson, Bruce Wyborn, Lesley Aben, Ilse Acker, James Ahmadisharaf, Ebrahim Anderson, Weston Aoki, Yosuke Arras, Christina Bagwell, Ross Ballard, Ashley Barbieri, Lindsay Barbot, Sylvain Becker, Emily Berghmans, David Blanford, Justine Bohrer, Gil Braun, Tobias Brosnan, Ian Broxton, Patrick Byrne, Brendan Cantarero, Danica Linda Cao, Peiyu Carter, Sarah Casey, Rob Cawse‐Nicholson, Kerry Cayan, Daniel Chadwick, K Dana Chakraborty, Kunal Cisneros, Ernest Codilean, Alexandru T Crawford, James Cressie, Noel Crisp, David Cruz, Alfredo A D'Anastasio, Elisabetta Daniell, Robert E Darrouzet, Fabien Das, Saswati Davis, Kyle Frankel Desai, Ankur R de Sherbinin, Alex Domingues, Catia M Dong, Wenhao Druken, Kelsey Dunbar, Nelia W Ehlmann, Bethany Eldrett, James S Elipot, Shane Fang, Jing Fernandez, Nicolas Fetterer, Florence Fritz, Alison Gao, Jing Gao, Xueyuan Gille, Sarah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9144-4368 Gilliams, Sven Gleick, Peter H Hakkenberg, Christopher R Hanson, Jonathan B Henson, Henry C Holloway, Tracey Hopkins, Candice Hopwood, Mark James Hossain, Faisal Huffman, George J Jacobs, Nicole Jaffe, Daniel Jones, Dylan Joshi, Apurva P Kalansky, Julie Kallas, Leander Kaushal, Nikita Kebede, Endalkachew Keenan, Trevor F https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-0258 Keppel‐Aleks, Gretchen Kim, Tae King, Fraser Klöcking, Marthe Knoben, Wouter Koenig, Mark Kopp, Greg Koren, Gerbrand Kruskamp, Nicholas Labe, Zachary Lanati, Anthony Lankhorst, Matthias https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-4044 Laughner, Joshua https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7h19z48s Whether classical spacetime remains well-defined at arbitrarily high curvature is a central question. In general relativity, singularities signal the breakdown of the classical description, motivating modifications of spacetime’s short-distance structure. Pseudo-complex general relativity (pcGR) extends spacetime geometry to pseudo-complex coordinates, naturally introducing two metric sectors, the physical metric gμν$$g_{\mu u }$$ and an auxiliary field fμν$$f_{\mu u }$$. The magnitude of the pseudo-imaginary component defines the invariant acceleration scale a0$$a_0$$, a direct consequence of the pseudo-complex structure. The simultaneity condition, requiring both idempotent sectors to satisfy the pseudo-complex Einstein equations independently, fixes the auxiliary field algebraically, with no new propagating degrees of freedom, and sets a lower bound on the lapse that regularizes curvature. The regularization is achieved through the combined effect of the lapse-gap condition... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7h19z48s Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Weber, Fridolin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5020-1906 Hess, Peter O Vasconcellos, Cesar A Zen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7870s83t Tire derived aggregate (TDA) is a recycled geosynthetic material that is often used in civil engineering applications as a lightweight fill. While TDA is typically modelled as a compressible porous media similar to soil, there haven’t been detailed investigations on the deformation response of individual particles or particle-particle interaction. TDA particles are approximately flat sheets of shredded tire, but their characteristics can vary based on where the shred is obtained from (tread or side-wall) and the direction of particle-particle loading. This study presents results from experiments focused on the deformation response of individual TDA particles under quasi-static and sustained normal stresses. This study is a first step toward defining contact relationships for discrete element modeling of TDA fills. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7870s83t Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Behbehani, Fatemah Gaz, Camille McCartney, John https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6c1495hq ABSTRACT Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger, regulating critical physiological processes. We report the enzymatic synthesis, unique photophysical features, and biological activity of novel emissive cAMP analogs (c th AMP and c tz AMP), comprised of thiopheno‐ and isothiazolo‐based families of isomorphic ribonucleotides. The unexpectedly high brightness of c th AMP compared to th ATP and th AMP, its precursor and hydrolysis products, respectively, driven by an anti ‐to‐ syn conformational shift upon cyclization, is employed for real‐time monitoring of the adenylyl cyclase (AC) mediated synthesis and phosphodiesterase (PDE) mediated hydrolysis. Importantly, these emissive analogs effectively activate protein kinase A (PKA). This study provides critical insights into the biomolecular recognition and catalytic mechanism of cAMP‐regulating enzymes, establishing these isomorphic analogs as potential tools for investigating cAMP‐dependent protein–ligand interaction... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6c1495hq Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Cong, Deyuan Dubois, Victor Lam, Jamie Y Tor, Yitzhak https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6573x236 ABSTRACT Site‐specific labeling of RNA with emissive, structurally non‐perturbing nucleosides is critically needed for probing RNA structure, dynamics, and function. Isothiazolopyrimidine‐based nucleoside surrogates are leading examples of fluorescent RNA building blocks, with the C‐nucleosidic guanosine analogue tz G standing out due to its brightness. Here, we report the first synthesis of a tz G phosphoramidite and its incorporation into RNA via solid‐phase synthesis. Comprehensive biochemical and photophysical analyses demonstrate that tz G acts as an isomorphic and isofunctional substitute for guanosine, with fluorescence properties that are sensitive to local environmental changes. These features enable fluorescence‐based monitoring of RNA cleavage by deoxyribozymes and of site‐specific RNA methylation by a methyltransferase ribozyme. Our findings establish tz G as a valuable emissive nucleoside analog for the interrogation of RNA modifications at defined positions. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6573x236 Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Dietzsch, Julia Tor, Yitzhak Höbartner, Claudia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xf2t1hd Creative and collaborative research in the early 21st century revealed the mechanistic secrets of the cyanobacterial circadian clock, a nanomachine whose function can be studied in vitro. The structural dynamics of the Synechococcus elongatus circadian oscillator, comprising KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, establish a near 24 h cycle of activity of the global transcription regulator RpaA by rhythmically changing the interaction platform of kinases that control RpaA phosphorylation. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xf2t1hd Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Golden, Susan S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4264-7019 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5j9984hc Throughout this portfolio of works, I examine how my musical practice has been affected by my understanding of noise. I treat noise not as a replacement for musical structure but as a set of pressures applied to my musical language. These pressures stem from four different understandings of noise. The first is timbral, a sound with a greater presence of inharmonic frequencies. The second comes from Attali. To him, noise is some sound that interferes with the ability to understand a message. Drawing from Baudrillard, I understand structural noise as the confusion that arises when representations and imitations of sounds replace the original versions. The last understanding of noise is Hegarty’s relational view of noise. After discussing key figures in the development of noise within music history such as Helmut Lachenmann and John Cage, I present a series of analyses of my own works: Deepfake for cello, electronics, and video, jeanne for vocalist and electronics, Displacement (a... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5j9984hc Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Mencher, Aaron https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51f7m669 The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis coordinates reproductive function and incorporates gonadal sex steroid feedback to regulate gonadotropin secretion in a homeostatic manner. In females, ovarian estrogens and progestins act as the primary negative feedback signals to suppress luteinizing hormone (LH) release, whereas in males, androgens, such as testosterone (T), typically provide this feedback. However, androgens can also exert feedback effects on the female HPG axis, particularly in conditions where circulating T levels exceed that of the normal female physiological range. Three clinically relevant examples are anabolic substance abuse, testosterone therapy, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; recently renamed polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome [PMOS]). Despite shared exposure to "androgen excess," these different hyperandrogenic states are associated with strikingly different neuroendocrine phenotypes. In testosterone therapy and anabolic substance abuse,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51f7m669 Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Rose, Lillian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-3421 Kauffman, Alexander S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8631-6097 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rw4p0hd Abstract: This study examines bench-scale synthesis and the physicochemical and functional properties of hemoglobin (Hb) formulations, including bovine (bHb), human (hHb), and pyridoxylated (PLP, pyridoxal-5′-phosphate) human Hb (PLP-hHb), along with their poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-conjugated counterparts. These PEGylated Hb constructs were synthesized via an inside-out strategy targeting the β-Cys93 residue of Hb using a four-arm PEG-maleimide molecule (MW = 20 kDa per arm; 80 kDa total), producing multi-arm PEG conjugated Hbs (MA-PEG-Hbs). The precursor Hbs exist as α2β2 tetramers (MW ∼64–65 kDa; diameter ∼5 nm), whereas MA-PEG-Hbs showed increased size (320–345 kDa; ∼14 nm), consistent with 3–4 Hb tetramers per PEG scaffold. This expansion reduced haptoglobin binding kinetics by ∼6–9-fold, potentially prolonging circulation and reducing renal clearance. Circular dichroism confirmed preservation of α-helical structure and heme integrity, while thermal stability... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rw4p0hd Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Khan, Mohd Asim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-2332 Beyer, Griffin J https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6367-3046 Munoz, Carlos Cabrales, Pedro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8794-2839 Palmer, Andre F https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4934d8v2 Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant and functionally important components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), yet the molecular programs that distinguish pathogenic macrophage states from tissue-adaptive populations remain incompletely defined. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) has emerged as a key marker of specialized immunoregulatory macrophage states across multiple solid tumors. Accumulating evidence links TREM2⁺ macrophages to metabolic adaptation, immune evasion, and impaired antitumor immunity, although their biological functions vary substantially across tumor types, tissue niches, and disease settings. In this review, we synthesize current understanding of TREM2-associated immunobiology, including ligand recognition, signaling architecture, immunometabolic adaptation, and macrophage functional heterogeneity. We critically evaluate conflicting findings across tumor types and discuss how tissue context, macrophage ontogeny, and microenvironmental... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4934d8v2 Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Guo, Xuejun Yu, Jingya Lin, Xiaoyan Qin, Zhonggang Ma, Wenxue https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9228-6162 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gk28059 The pulsatile motion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the spinal canal includes a mean Lagrangian drift, representing the cumulative net displacement experienced by the fluid over each oscillatory cycle. Quantifying this motion in vivo is challenging because the associated velocities ($$\sim $$cm&nbsp;min$$\vphantom{0}^{-1})$$are much smaller than those of the dominant oscillatory flow ($$\sim $$&nbsp;cm&nbsp;s$$\vphantom{0}^{-1}$$), limiting the applicability of conventional phase-contrast (PC) MRI. Here we assess the suitability of Time-Spatial Labeling Inversion Pulse MRI (Time-SLIP) for characterizing this motion using in vitro experiments in a spinal-canal phantom. The phantom consists of a flexible tube with a rigid insert forming an eccentric annular canal representative of the spinal subarachnoid space, driven by a 1&nbsp;Hz sinusoidal flow mimicking cardiac-induced CSF pulsations. Oscillatory velocities were measured with PC-MRI, while net fluid displacement over successive... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gk28059 Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Campos, Obed Alaminos-Quesada, Javier Sincomb, Stephanie Malis, Vadim Miyazaki, Mitsue Vidorreta, Marta Coenen, Wilfried Gutiérrez-Montes, Cándido Martínez-Bazán, Carlos Pawlak, Geno Sánchez, Antonio L https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rq7v75v The rapid development of large generative models has motivated a shift in recommender systems toward deep generative architectures with compact vocabularies. A fundamental operation in this paradigm is action tokenization: the process of converting human-perceivable actions, such as user-item interactions, into machine-readable token sequences, often referred to as semantic IDs. In this dissertation, we investigate the role of action tokenization in generative recommendation, focusing on how human actions should be tokenized and leveraged. Our research follows three main directions. First, we develop stronger action tokenization methods that make semantic IDs more expressive and effective, including scaling semantic IDs from short to long sequences and moving from context-independent to context-aware tokenization. Second, we study how to better leverage semantic IDs during training and inference so that generative models can use them more effectively, including improving... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rq7v75v Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hou, Yupeng https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12w188hp The potential of thienoguanosine (^thG), an isomorphic fluorescent analogue of guanosine, was evaluated as a reporter for probing the structure and dynamics of hTel22, a human telomeric G-quadruplex (G4) sequence. Nine of the 12 guanines directly participating in G-tetrads were individually substituted with ^thG, and their impact on the hTel22 structure was examined by circular dichroism, thermal melting, and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. In Na⁺ buffer, substitutions at external tetrads maintained the native antiparallel topology and thermal stability, while substitutions within the middle tetrad significantly disrupted the G4 structure. Molecular dynamics simulations supported that ^thG incorporation in external tetrads is well tolerated, whereas it alters base stacking and Na⁺ coordination in middle tetrad positions. In K⁺ buffer, external substitutions favored the antiparallel over the hybrid topology, resulting... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12w188hp Thu, 8 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Singh, Pankhi Mukherjee, Dipanjan Hanser, Fabien Tkach, Olha Humbert, Nicolas Avila, Constanza Avendano Ciaco, Stefano Martinez-Fernandez, Lara Bansal, Sarthak Kanj, Samuel Bombarda, Elisa Bourderioux, Aurélie Dziuba, Dmytro Tor, Yitzhak Improta, Roberto Mori, Mattia Heddi, Brahim Mély, Yves https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63v3t67w More Than Money: The Relative Importance of Cultural, Social, and Economic Capital for Highbrow Cultural Experiences https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63v3t67w Tue, 6 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Gladstone, Joe J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8783-3923 Bellezza, Silvia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/141109r7 From Service Level to Maximum Considered Earthquake: Evaluating the Seismic Response of a Ten-Story Cold-Formed Steel-Framed Building https://escholarship.org/uc/item/141109r7 Tue, 6 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Eladly, Mohammed Zhang, Zhidong Zhang, Jiachen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-6627 Hutchinson, Tara Schafer, Benjamin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dx6n4fk As containerized development has grown in popularity, it’s been increasingly employed in domains for which it wasn’t originally designed, such as AI/ML. Anecdotally, it has been reported that development teams are concerned with the challenges of containerization, despite the promised gains in productivity. There have been few studies focused on understanding developer perspectives in the context of the changes to the software development cycle that arise from employing containers. Furthermore, past studies do not relate the various types of workloads to job roles and the extent of their impact on the specific development tasks performed and tools being employed in containerized development. To address this gap, we conducted 35 contextual interviews with Kubernetes cluster operators and varying levels of users (i.e., namespace users and managers). Participants were recruited from two distinct research organizations, one industrial and the other academic. Their primary focus... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dx6n4fk Mon, 5 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Coleman, Cora https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6g62v4mc China’s rapid renewable expansion coincides with deep structural reforms to its power markets. Over the past decade, reform has drawn on international market design experience while making substantial institutional progress since 2015. Unlike developed markets adapting established frameworks to accommodate renewables, China must address high-renewable integration alongside conventional market liberalisation challenges. High renewable penetration creates several shared analytical challenges, including revenue adequacy under near-zero marginal costs, intensified price volatility, limited participation by emerging flexible resources, incomplete markets for new system attributes, and ambiguous planning–market interactions. In China, responses to these challenges are shaped by two foundational drivers: (1) using the market as an instrument of government policy and (2) hierarchical prioritisation of end-user price stability and socio-political acceptability of reform over allocative... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6g62v4mc Mon, 5 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Dong, Jiuzhou Zhang, Zhenhua https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3847-5995 Davidson, Michael R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5035-8209 Shi, Mengshu Jiang, Nan Zhang, Ning Kang, Chongqing Pollitt, Michael G Guo, Hongye https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zd8s0dm Understanding the 3D world from visual observations is a fundamental challenge in computer vision, with broad implications for robotics, autonomous driving, and embodied AI. Despite remarkable progress in 2D vision, a critical disconnect persists: existing foundation models are anchored to the 2D image plane and lack the geometric grounding needed to reason about 3D environments. At the root of this disconnect lies a data problem — 3D data is expensive, difficult to scale, and insufficient to support the kind of large-scale training that has driven 2D progress. This thesis addresses these challenges across three interconnected thrusts: scalable 3D data curation, spatial reasoning, and real-world 3D perception. First, I tackle the 3D data bottleneck from two complementary perspectives. From a reconstruction standpoint, I present COLMAP-Free 3D Gaussian Splatting, which eliminates the dependence on structure-from-motion preprocessing, enabling scalable 3D reconstruction from... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zd8s0dm Mon, 5 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Fu, Yang https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3v5085kq Despite the impressive performance of deep neural networks, our understanding of how they work is very limited. To address this, the field of mechanistic interpretability aims to build a bottom-up understanding of the mechanisms that a neural network uses to calculate its output. An important building block for mechanistic interpretability is interpreting the roles of individual neurons inside the network. However, interpreting individual neurons poses many challenges. First, a single network may have thousands or millions of neurons, so it is not feasible for humans to manually interpret each neuron. Second, the field lacks clear standardized definitions of what makes a good explanation, making it difficult to compare competing methods or measure progress. Finally, individual neurons can be polysemantic, i.e., they activate on multiple unrelated concepts, which makes interpreting them difficult. In this dissertation, I discuss solutions to these three essential problems... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3v5085kq Mon, 5 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Oikarinen, Tuomas https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cb0q34z Extreme land temperatures are among the most direct and consequential expressions of climate change, with impacts on human health, ecosystems, infrastructure, and the habit- ability of hot regions. Yet the physical controls on Earth’s hottest surface and near-surface air temperatures remain incompletely understood, especially in the dry subtropical environments where record-setting heat most often occurs. This dissertation addresses that problem by linking climate-model projections, radiative-transfer theory, and reduced-order land–atmosphere modeling.First, I analyze CMIP6 simulations to evaluate how the hottest land temperatures change under greenhouse forcing. The results show that annual hottest daily-mean and daily-maximum temperatures over tropical land warm about 30–40% faster than the tropical land mean. The geography of record-like heat remains concentrated in subtropical arid and semi-arid regions, particularly the Middle East and South Asia, while the likelihood of... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cb0q34z Mon, 5 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wilson, Anthony https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xw9x5n2 Riboswitches are 5'-untranslated regions of messenger RNA that bind a ligand and subsequently control bacterial gene expression. Riboswitches are comprised of a ligand-binding aptamer domain and an expression platform that controls transcription termination or affects translation initiation via controlling ribosome binding site accessibility. The widely conserved yybP-ykoY family of riboswitches bind manganese ions (Mn2+) to affect the expression of genes encoding Mn2+ transporter proteins. This dissertation explores the mechanism of one widespread Mn2+-sensing riboswitch, alx, in E. coli, which activates the translation of the Alx Mn2+ exporter. The alx riboswitch uniquely activates translation in vivo in response to both alkaline pH and increased Mn2+ concentration, making it a novel example of RNA-based gene regulation. Prior studies have determined the static structure and dynamics of isolated Mn2+-sensing aptamer domains. While valuable, these works did not include the riboswitch... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xw9x5n2 Mon, 5 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Palmer, Danea https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0g06321h Beyond the boundaries of the second law of thermodynamics: Intrinsic-nonequilibrium distribution of large ions in charged small nanopores https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0g06321h Sun, 4 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Qiao, Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6749-0575 Wang, Meng https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6t20f5sw This chapter surveys literary and critical modes of figuring, understanding, and analyzing the space of the city. It argues that, rather than see literary representation as a privileged mode of relating urban experience, literature might sit alongside a more expansive analysis of the many affective and narrative modes that attend to the built environment. After retracing some of the fundamental insights of cultural studies, the chapter asks how the city can be understood as an object of cultural knowledge. Along these lines, it interrogates the axiomatic association of the city with modernity, asking what is occluded or ignored in that association. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6t20f5sw Fri, 2 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Vijay, Ameeth https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66j7q8n7 Abstract This article analyses the idiom of “placemaking” in contemporary development, specifically considering the Battersea Power Station development in south London. It argues that the recourse to a highly aestheticised concept of place allows development to mediate the structural transformations they are enacting and create a narrative and discourse about development that deflects and dissipates political critique. In order for public-private “regeneration” to proceed as the default mode of urbanisation for contemporary London, developers need to not only create sound investments but also produce a hegemonic cultural narrative that articulates the stakes of their interventions in ways that make them not just compelling but inarguable and inevitable. Three modes of conceptualising the redeveloped city are considered: the concept of place, the aesthetic of the garden and rhetoric of sustainability, and the ethos of creativity. Together, these constitute a vision for the future... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66j7q8n7 Fri, 2 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Vijay, Ameeth https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hv087dr abstract: This article considers Roy Fisher’s 1961 prose-poem City in the context of slum clearance and urban modernization in the postwar period. Modernization projects, like those in Fisher’s native Birmingham, sought to employ figures of destruction and ruin for the sake of constructing a literal and figurative new Britain after World War II. In doing so, it treated the process of clearing “slum” housing as necessary for the sake of progress. This article argues that City attempts to register the affective landscapes of the postwar city while not directing those affects to any particular political or representational project. Instead, Fisher is concerned with a nonrecuperative form of mourning for the environments and communities lost amid destruction and violence. The poem presents regional specificity of Britain’s postwar landscapes through a late-modernist, fragmentary form for the purpose of gathering together affects of loss, disappearance, and destruction without attempting... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hv087dr Fri, 2 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Vijay, Ameeth https://escholarship.org/uc/item/178477x3 This article analyzes the development of NEOM, a regional megaproject of four cities currently being constructed along the Red Sea in Saudi Arabia. It argues that development for NEOM is speculative, not only in that it these megacities are being built absent of real need, but that the projects themselves are a form of “elite dreaming.” Here, a global elite of designers produce speculative visions for new cities, an imaginary in which these cities serve as technological fixes for problems of climate change and sustainable growth. In so doing, elite designers allow for particular futures while absenting others, namely the people displaced by new cities and the workers who construct and maintain these infrastructures. To this end, this article pays particular attention to the way that design leverages particular aesthetics, narratives, and affects in ways that nevertheless have the power to drive real investment, movement, and construction. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/178477x3 Fri, 2 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Vijay, Ameeth https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62z3x5t7 Nucleic acids have been shown to have roles beyond carrying and delivering genetic information. They have drawn interest and gained popularity as powerful tools, being developed for furthering scientific research and enabling advancements in biotechnology. The use of nucleic acids in the advancement of technologies that enable visualization, tracking, and manipulation of biological macromolecules has significantly broadened their investigation, especially RNA. The growing interest towards RNA biology due to its wide-ranging functions and impacts in the cell has been a motivator for the development of robust strategies to further study and harness its programmability. The focus of this work is to develop a strategy to generate fully encodable, robust, site-specific, covalent RNA-protein conjugates using tRNA guanine transglycosylase (TGT) from E. coli. A key step in the mechanism of guanine exchange by TGT is the formation of a covalent intermediate between TGT and its RNA substrate.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62z3x5t7 Thu, 1 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Guerrero Baker, Karen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/92b9d1kq In response to the 2020 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, the Future Circular Collider (FCC) Feasibility Study was launched as an international collaboration hosted by CERN. This report describes the FCC integrated programme, which consists of two stages: an electron-positron collider (FCC-ee) in the first phase, serving as a high-luminosity Higgs, top, and electroweak factory; followed by a proton-proton collider (FCC-hh) at the energy frontier in the second phase. The FCC-ee is designed to operate at four key centre-of-mass energies: the Z pole, the WW pair production threshold, the ZH production peak, and the top/anti-top production threshold—each delivering the highest possible luminosities to four experiments. Over 15 years of operation, FCC-ee will produce more than 6 trillion Z bosons, 200 million WW pairs, nearly 3 million Higgs bosons, and 2 million top anti-top pairs. Precise energy calibration at the Z pole and WW threshold will be achieved through... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/92b9d1kq Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Benedikt, M Zimmermann, F Auchmann, B Bartmann, W Burnet, JP Carli, C Chancé, A Craievich, P Giovannozzi, M Grojean, C Gutleber, J Hanke, K Henriques, A Janot, P Lourenço, C Mangano, M Otto, T Poole, J Rajagopalan, S Raubenheimer, T Todesco, E Ulrici, L Watson, T Wilkinson, G Abada, A Abbrescia, M Abdolmaleki, H Abidi, SH Abramov, A Adam, C Ady, M Adz̆ić, PR Agapov, I Aguglia, D Ahmed, I Aiba, M Aielli, G Akan, T Akchurin, N Akturk, D Al-Thakeel, M Alberghi, GL Alcaraz Maestre, J Aleksa, M Aleksan, R Alharthi, F Alimena, J Alimenti, A Alioli, S Alix, L Allanach, BC Allwicher, L Altintas, AA Altınlı, M Alviggi, M Ambrosio, G Amhis, Y Amiri, A Ammirabile, G Andeen, T André, KDJ Andrea, J Andreazza, A Andreini, M Andriollo, T Angel, L Angelucci, M Antusch, S Anwar, MN Apolinário, L Apollinari, G Appleby, RB Apresyan, A Apyan, Aram Apyan, Armen Arbey, A Argiento, B Ari, V Arias, S Arias Alonso, B Arnaez, O Arnaldi, R Arneodo, F Arnold, H Arrutia Sota, P Ascioti, ME Assamagan, KA Aumiller, S Aydın, G Azizi, K Azzi, P Bacchetta, N Bacci, A Bai, B Bai, Y Balconi, L Baldinelli, G Balhan, B Ball, AH Ballarino, A https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zz686g8 The Image Sources and Credits information section was missing from this article and should have read ‘The FCC Project formally acknowledges and credits all organisations and contributors whose data and imagery form part of the basemaps used in this work. These include © Esri, Airbus DS, FAO, FEMA, GSA, NASA, NGA, NOAA, USGS, CGIAR, NCEAS, Rijkswaterstaat, SITG – State of Geneva (CH), swisstopo, Facebook, Garmin, Geoland, Geodatastyrelsen, Google, Intermap, Maxar, Microsoft, N Robinson, NLS, NMA, OS, Planet, TomTom, as well as © OpenStreetMap contributors, Esri Community Maps contributors, and the GIS User Community. Every effort has been made to correctly acknowledge all data providers and rights holders. Any omission is unintentional, and the FCC Project remains available to review and amend credits upon request from legitimate data owners.’ The original article has been corrected. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zz686g8 Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Benedikt, M Zimmermann, F Auchmann, B Bartmann, W Burnet, JP Carli, C Chancé, A Craievich, P Giovannozzi, M Grojean, C Gutleber, J Hanke, K Henriques, A Janot, P Lourenço, C Mangano, M Otto, T Poole, J Rajagopalan, S Raubenheimer, T Todesco, E Ulrici, L Watson, T Wilkinson, G Abada, A Abbrescia, M Abdolmaleki, H Abidi, SH Abramov, A Adam, C Ady, M Adz̆ić, PR Agapov, I Aguglia, D Ahmed, I Aiba, M Aielli, G Akan, T Akchurin, N Akturk, D Al-Thakeel, M Alberghi, GL Alcaraz Maestre, J Aleksa, M Aleksan, R Alharthi, F Alimena, J Alimenti, A Alioli, S Alix, L Allanach, BC Allwicher, L Altintas, AA Altınlı, M Alviggi, M Ambrosio, G Amhis, Y Amiri, A Ammirabile, G Andeen, T André, KDJ Andrea, J Andreazza, A Andreini, M Andriollo, T Angel, L Angelucci, M Antusch, S Anwar, MN Apolinário, L Apollinari, G Appleby, RB Apresyan, A Apyan, Aram Apyan, Armen Arbey, A Argiento, B Ari, V Arias, S Arias Alonso, B Arnaez, O Arnaldi, R Arneodo, F Arnold, H Arrutia Sota, P Ascioti, ME Assamagan, KA Aumiller, S Aydın, G Azizi, K Azzi, P Bacchetta, N Bacci, A Bai, B Bai, Y Balconi, L Baldinelli, G Balhan, B Ball, AH Ballarino, A https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xw4j29k A combination of measurements of the inclusive top-quark pair production cross-section performed by ATLAS and CMS in proton–proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV at the LHC is presented. The cross-sections are obtained using top-quark pair decays with an opposite-charge electron–muon pair in the final state and with data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 5 fb−1 at s$$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 7 TeV and about 20 fb−1 at s$$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV for each experiment. The combined cross-sections are determined to be 178.5 ± 4.7 pb at s$$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 7 TeV and 243.3−5.9+6.0$$ {243.3}_{-5.9}^{+6.0} $$ pb at s$$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV with a correlation of 0.41, using a reference top-quark mass value of 172.5 GeV. The ratio of the combined cross-sections is determined to be R8/7 = 1.363 ± 0.032. The combined measured cross-sections and their ratio agree well with theory calculations using several parton distribution function (PDF) sets. The values of the top-quark... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xw4j29k Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Abbott, B Abbott, DC Abed Abud, A Abeling, K Abhayasinghe, DK Abidi, SH Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Abulaiti, Y Abusleme Hoffman, AC Acharya, BS Achkar, B Adam, L Adam Bourdarios, C Adamczyk, L Adamek, L Addepalli, SV Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adorni, S Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agapopoulou, C Agaras, MN Agarwala, J Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Ahmad, A Ahmadov, F Ahmed, WS Ai, X Aielli, G Aizenberg, I Akatsuka, S Akbiyik, M Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Al Khoury, K Alberghi, GL Albert, J Albicocco, P Alconada Verzini, MJ Alderweireldt, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, A Alfonsi, F Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, S Aliev, M Alimonti, G Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alunno Camelia, E Alvarez Estevez, M Alviggi, MG Amaral Coutinho, Y Ambler, A Ambroz, L Amelung, C Amidei, D Amor Dos Santos, SP Amoroso, S Amrouche, CS Anastopoulos, C Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, JK Andrean, SY Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Anthony, MT Antipov, E Antonelli, M Antrim, DJA Anulli, F Aoki, M Aparisi Pozo, JA Aparo, MA Aperio Bella, L Aranzabal, N Araujo Ferraz, V Arcangeletti, C Arce, ATH Arena, E